Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel DNA Gyrase-Inhibiting Spiropyrimidinetriones as Potent Antibiotics for Treatment of Infections Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Positive Bacteria

J Med Chem. 2019 Mar 28;62(6):2950-2973. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01750. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Abstract

Spiropyrimidinetriones are a novel class of antibacterial agents that target the bacterial type II topoisomerase via a new mode of action. Compound ETX0914 is thus far the only drug from this class that is being evaluated in clinical trials. To improve the antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetic properties of ETX0914, we carried out systematic structural modification of this compound, and a number of compounds with increased potency were obtained. The most promising compound 33e, with incorporation of a spirocyclopropane at the oxazolidinone 5 position reduced metabolism, exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive pathogens and a good pharmacokinetic profile combined with high aqueous solubility. In addition, compound 33e exhibited good selectivity for Staphylococcus aureus gyrase over human Topo IIα. In a murine model of systemic methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection, 33e exhibited superior in vivo efficacy (ED50 = 3.87 mg/kg) compared to ETX0914 (ED50 = 11.51 mg/kg).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • DNA Gyrase / drug effects*
  • Dogs
  • Drug Design*
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / drug effects
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria / drug effects
  • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / drug therapy*
  • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / microbiology
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Rats
  • Spiro Compounds / chemistry*
  • Spiro Compounds / pharmacokinetics
  • Spiro Compounds / pharmacology*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Spiro Compounds
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors
  • DNA Gyrase